Abstract
Gamma radiation over the Atlantic Ocean was measured continuously from January to May 2020 by a NaI(Tl) detector installed on board the Portuguese navy's ship NRP Sagres. Enhancements in the gamma radiation values are identified automatically by an algorithm for detection of anomalies in mean and variance as well as by visual inspection. The anomalies are typically +50% above the background level and relatively rare events (similar to<10% of the days). All the detected anomalies are associated with simultaneous precipitation events, consistent with the wet deposition of scavenged radionuclides. The enhancements are detected in the open ocean even at large distances (+500 km) from the nearest coastline. Back trajectories reveal that half of these events are associated with air masses experiencing continental land influences, but the other half do not display evidence of recent land contact. The enhancements in gamma radiation very far from land and with no evidence of continental fetch from back trajectories are difficult to explain as resulting only from radionuclides with a terrestrial source such as radon and its progeny. Further investigation and additional measurements are needed to improve understanding on the sources of ambient radioactivity in the open ocean and assess whether gamma radiation in the marine environment is influenced not only by radionuclides of terrestrial origin, but also cosmogenic radionuclides, like Beryllium-7, formed in the upper atmosphere but with the ability to be transported downward and serve as a tracer of the aerosols to which it attaches. Plain Language Summary Radioactive elements such as the noble gas radon and those produced by its radioactive decay are naturally present in the environment and used as tracers of atmospheric transport and composition. In particular, the noble gas radon, being inert and of predominantly terrestrial origin, is used to identify pristine marine air masses with no land contamination. Precipitation over land typically brings radon from the atmosphere to the surface, enhancing gamma radiation on the ground, but such enhancements have not been identified before nor expected over the ocean due to the low amount of radon typical of marine air masses. Here we report, for the first time, gamma radiation enhancements associated with precipitation in the oceanic environment, using measurements performed over the Atlantic Ocean in a campaign onboard the Portuguese navy ship NRP Sagres.

Abstract
&lt;p&gt;A novel ionisation detector, previously deployed on meteorological radiosonde flights, has demonstrated responsivity to X-rays and gamma radiation, and additionally, is thought to be sensitive to ionising radiation from cosmic rays. The PiN detector, composed of a 1x1x0.8 cm&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;CsI(Tl) microscintillator coupled to a PiN photodiode, was deployed on the NRP Sagres sailing vessel on a cruise in the Atlantic between Portugal and the Azores in 2021. The instrument can determine both the count rate and energy of incoming ionising radiation particles.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The instrument was operational during the voyage in November 2021 when a coronal mass ejection event induced a sudden decrease in the observed cosmic ray intensity, known as a Forbush decrease. We present data recorded by the ionisation detector during this period, to characterise the instrument&amp;#8217;s ability to detect cosmic ray events, and we compare the performance with neutron monitoring stations Oulu in Finland, and Dourbes in Belgium. As the PiN detector provides spectral and count rate data, it is possible to group events by their energy, and investigate the count rates of specific energy regimes. This approach is useful as many sources &amp;#8211; including high and low energy ionising radiation from cosmic rays &amp;#8211; contribute to the background energy spectrum. As a result, more meaningful comparisons and relationships can be established with the neutron monitoring stations.&lt;/p&gt;

Abstract
&lt;p&gt;Gamma radiation measured over the ocean is mainly due to airborne radionuclides, as gamma emission by radon degassing from the ocean is negligible. Airborne gamma-emitting elements include radon progeny (Pb-2114, Bi-214, Pb-210) and cosmogenic radionuclides such as Be-7. Radon progeny attaches readily to aerosols, thus the fate of gamma-emitting radon progeny, after its formation by radioactive decay from radon, is expected to be closely linked to that of aerosols.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Gamma radiation measurements over the Atlantic Ocean were made on board the ship-rigged sailing ship NRP Sagres in the framework of project SAIL (Space-Atmosphere-Ocean Interactions in the marine boundary Layer). The measurements were performed continuously with a NaI(Tl) scintillator counting all gamma rays from 475 keV to 3 MeV.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The counts from the sensor were recorded every 1 second into a computer system which had his time reference corrected by a GNSS pulse per second (PPS) signal. The GNSS was also used to precisely position the ship. The measurements were performed over the Atlantic ocean from January to May 2020, along the ship&amp;#8217;s round trip from Lisboa - Cape Verde &amp;#8211; Rio de Janeiro &amp;#8211; Buenos Aires &amp;#8211; Cape Town &amp;#8211; Cape Verde - Lisboa.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The results show that the gamma radiation time series displays considerable higher counts and larger variability in January compared to the remaining period. Reanalysis data also indicate higher aerosol concentration. This work investigates in detail the association between the temporal evolution of the gamma radiation measurements obtained from the SAIL campaign over the Atlantic Ocean and co-located total aerosol concentration at 550 nm obtained every 3 hours from EAC4(ECMWF Atmospheric Composition Reanalysis 4) data.&lt;/p&gt;

Abstract
Radon concentration was continuously monitored in a horizontal dead-end gallery near Vyhne (Central Slovakia) from October 2005 to April 2008. Hourly average of radon varied from 2800 to 10 500 Bq/m(3). Temporal variation of radon, which contains periodic and non-periodic signals, spans variation of annual to diurnal scale. Time series of radon were analyzed together with meteorological parameters. The annual variation of radon seems to be connected with the annual variation of atmospheric pressure. The amplitude and shape of diurnal variation of radon changed during the year and is correlated with corresponding changes in the daily amplitude of atmospheric pressure.

Abstract
In recent years, the research community has raised serious questions about the replicability and reproducibility of scientific work. In particular, since many studies include some kind of computing work, these are also technological challenges, not only in computer science but in most research domains. Replicability and reproducibility are not easy to achieve, not only because researchers have diverse proficiency in computing technologies, but also because of the variety of computational environments that can be used. Indeed, it is challenging to recreate the same environment using the same frameworks, code, programming languages, dependencies, and so on. In this work, we propose a vision for an Integrated Development Environment allowing the creation, configuration, execution, packaging, and sharing of scientific computational experiments. Such a framework should allow researchers to easily set the code and data used and define the programming languages, code, dependencies, databases, or commands to execute to achieve consistent results for each experiment. With this work, we intend to aid researchers by integrating into the same platform all the stages of the design, execution, and analysis of a computational experiment.

Abstract
The emergence of the sixth generation of cellular systems (6G) signals a transformative era and ecosystem for mobile communications, driven by demands from technologies like the internet of everything (IoE), V2X communications, and factory automation. To support this connectivity, mission-critical applications are emerging with challenging network requirements. The primary goals of 6G include providing sophisticated and high-quality services, extremely reliable and further-enhanced mobile broadband (feMBB), low-latency communication (ERLLC), long-distance and high-mobility communications (LDHMC), ultra-massive machine-type communications (umMTC), extremely low-power communications (ELPC), holographic communications, and quality of experience (QoE), grounded in incorporating massive broad-bandwidth machine-type (mBBMT), mobile broad-bandwidth and low-latency (MBBLL), and massive low-latency machine-type (mLLMT) communications. In attaining its objectives, 6G faces challenges that demand inventive solutions, incorporating AI, softwarization, cloudification, virtualization, and slicing features. Technologies like network function virtualization (NFV), network slicing, and software-defined networking (SDN) play pivotal roles in this integration, which facilitates efficient resource utilization, responsive service provisioning, expanded coverage, enhanced network reliability, increased capacity, densification, heightened availability, safety, security, and reduced energy consumption. It presents innovative network infrastructure concepts, such as resource-as-a-service (RaaS) and infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS), featuring management and service orchestration mechanisms. This includes nomadic networks, AI-aware networking strategies, and dynamic management of diverse network resources. This paper provides an in-depth survey of the wireless evolution leading to 6G networks, addressing future issues and challenges associated with 6G technology to support V2X environments considering presenting +challenges in architecture, spectrum, air interface, reliability, availability, density, flexibility, mobility, and security.