2024
Authors
Pinheiro, MR; Fernandes, LE; Carneiro, IC; Carvalho, SD; Henrique, RM; Tuchin, VV; Oliveira, HP; Oliveira, LM;
Publication
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
Abstract
With the objective of developing new methods to acquire diagnostic information, the reconstruction of the broadband absorption coefficient spectra (mu a[lambda]) of healthy and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma kidney tissues was performed. By performing a weighted sum of the absorption spectra of proteins, DNA, oxygenated, and deoxygenated hemoglobin, lipids, water, melanin, and lipofuscin, it was possible to obtain a good match of the experimental mu a(lambda) of both kidney conditions. The weights used in those reconstructions were estimated using the least squares method, and assuming a total water content of 77% in both kidney tissues, it was possible to calculate the concentrations of the other tissue components. It has been shown that with the development of cancer, the concentrations of proteins, DNA, oxygenated hemoglobin, lipids, and lipofuscin increase, and the concentration of melanin decreases. Future studies based on minimally invasive spectral measurements will allow cancer diagnosis using the proposed approach.
2024
Authors
Coelho, BFO; Nunes, SLP; de França, CA; Costa, DdS; do Carmo, RF; Prates, RM; Filho, EFS; Ramos, RP;
Publication
Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Abstract
2024
Authors
Souza, C; Viana, G; Coelho, B; Massaranduba, AB; Ramos, R;
Publication
Anais do XVI Congresso Brasileiro de Inteligência Computacional
Abstract
2024
Authors
Teotia, K; Jia, YR; Woite, NL; Celi, LA; Matos, J; Struja, T;
Publication
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS
Abstract
Objective: Health inequities can be influenced by demographic factors such as race and ethnicity, proficiency in English, and biological sex. Disparities may manifest as differential likelihood of testing which correlates directly with the likelihood of an intervention to address an abnormal finding. Our retrospective observational study evaluated the presence of variation in glucose measurements in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods: Using the MIMIC-IV database (2008-2019), a single -center, academic referral hospital in Boston (USA), we identified adult patients meeting sepsis-3 criteria. Exclusion criteria were diabetic ketoacidosis, ICU length of stay under 1 day, and unknown race or ethnicity. We performed a logistic regression analysis to assess differential likelihoods of glucose measurements on day 1. A negative binomial regression was fitted to assess the frequency of subsequent glucose readings. Analyses were adjusted for relevant clinical confounders, and performed across three disparity proxy axes: race and ethnicity, sex, and English proficiency. Results: We studied 24,927 patients, of which 19.5% represented racial and ethnic minority groups, 42.4% were female, and 9.8% had limited English proficiency. No significant differences were found for glucose measurement on day 1 in the ICU. This pattern was consistent irrespective of the axis of analysis, i.e. race and ethnicity, sex, or English proficiency. Conversely, subsequent measurement frequency revealed potential disparities. Specifically, males (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01 - 1.21), patients who identify themselves as Hispanic (IRR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01 - 1.21), or Black (IRR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01 - 1.12), and patients being English proficient (IRR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01 - 1.15) had higher chances of subsequent glucose readings. Conclusion: We found disparities in ICU glucose measurements among patients with sepsis, albeit the magnitude was small. Variation in disease monitoring is a source of data bias that may lead to spurious correlations when modeling health data.
2023
Authors
Queirós, R; Ruela, J; Fontes, H; Campos, R;
Publication
Simulation Tools and Techniques - 15th EAI International Conference, SIMUtools 2023, Seville, Spain, December 14-15, 2023, Proceedings
Abstract
2023
Authors
Pereira, A; Carvalho, P; Pereira, N; Viana, P; Corte-Real, L;
Publication
IEEE ACCESS
Abstract
The widespread use of smartphones and other low-cost equipment as recording devices, the massive growth in bandwidth, and the ever-growing demand for new applications with enhanced capabilities, made visual data a must in several scenarios, including surveillance, sports, retail, entertainment, and intelligent vehicles. Despite significant advances in analyzing and extracting data from images and video, there is a lack of solutions able to analyze and semantically describe the information in the visual scene so that it can be efficiently used and repurposed. Scientific contributions have focused on individual aspects or addressing specific problems and application areas, and no cross-domain solution is available to implement a complete system that enables information passing between cross-cutting algorithms. This paper analyses the problem from an end-to-end perspective, i.e., from the visual scene analysis to the representation of information in a virtual environment, including how the extracted data can be described and stored. A simple processing pipeline is introduced to set up a structure for discussing challenges and opportunities in different steps of the entire process, allowing to identify current gaps in the literature. The work reviews various technologies specifically from the perspective of their applicability to an end-to-end pipeline for scene analysis and synthesis, along with an extensive analysis of datasets for relevant tasks.
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