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Publications

Publications by Eduardo Pires

2003

Fractional order dynamical phenomena in a GA

Authors
Pires, EJS; Machado, JAT; Oliveira, PBD;

Publication
GENETIC AND EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION - GECCO 2003, PT I, PROCEEDINGS

Abstract
This work addresses the fractional-order dynamics during the evolution of a GA, which generates a robot manipulator trajectory. In order to investigate the phenomena involved in the GA population evolution, the crossover is exposed to excitation perturbations and the corresponding fitness variations are evaluated. The input/output signals are studied revealing a fractional-order dynamic evolution, characteristic of a long-term system memory.

2004

Robot trajectory planning using multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization

Authors
Pires, EJS; Machado, JAT; Oliveira, PBD;

Publication
GENETIC AND EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION - GECCO 2004, PT 1, PROCEEDINGS

Abstract
Generating manipulator trajectories considering multiple objectives and obstacle avoidance is a non trivial optimization problem. In this paper a multi-objective genetic algorithm is proposed to address this problem. Multiple criteria are optimized up to five simultaneous objectives. Simulations results are presented for robots with two and three degrees of freedom, considering two and five objectives optimization. A subsequent analysis of the solutions distribution along the converged non-dominated Pareto front is carried out, in terms of the achieved diversity.

2023

Offshore Wind Farm Layout Optimisation Considering Wake Effect and Power Losses

Authors
Baptista, J; Jesus, B; Cerveira, A; Pires, EJS;

Publication
SUSTAINABILITY

Abstract
The last two decades have witnessed a new paradigm in terms of electrical energy production. The production of electricity from renewable sources has come to play a leading role, thus allowing us not only to face the global increase in energy consumption, but also to achieve the objectives of decarbonising the economies of several countries. In this scenario, where onshore wind energy is practically exhausted, several countries are betting on constructing offshore wind farms. Since all the costs involved are higher when compared to onshore, optimising the efficiency of this type of infrastructure as much as possible is essential. The main aim of this paper was to develop an optimisation model to find the best wind turbine locations for offshore wind farms and to obtain the wind farm layout to maximise the profit, avoiding cable crossings, taking into account the wake effect and power losses. The ideal positioning of wind turbines is important for maximising the production of electrical energy. Furthermore, a techno-economic analysis was performed to calculate the main economic indicators, namely the net present value, the internal rate of return, and the payback period, to support the decision-making. The results showed that the developed model found the best solution that maximised the profits of the wind farm during its lifetime. It also showed that the location of the offshore substation played a key role in achieving these goals.

2024

Optimizing wind farm cable layout considering ditch sharing

Authors
Cerveira, A; de Sousa, A; Pires, EJS; Baptista, J;

Publication
INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS IN OPERATIONAL RESEARCH

Abstract
Wind power is becoming an important source of electrical energy production. In an onshore wind farm (WF), the electrical energy is collected at a substation from different wind turbines through electrical cables deployed over ground ditches. This work considers the WF layout design assuming that the substation location and all wind turbine locations are given, and a set of electrical cable types is available. The WF layout problem, taking into account its lifetime and technical constraints, involves selecting the cables to interconnect all wind turbines to the substation and the supporting ditches to minimize the initial investment cost plus the cost of the electrical energy that is lost on the cables over the lifetime of the WF. It is assumed that each ditch can deploy multiple cables, turning this problem into a more complex variant of previously addressed WF layout problems. This variant turns the problem best fitting to the real case and leads to substantial gains in the total cost of the solutions. The problem is defined as an integer linear programming model, which is then strengthened with different sets of valid inequalities. The models are tested with four WFs with up to 115 wind turbines. The computational experiments show that the optimal solutions can be computed with the proposed models for almost all cases. The largest WF was not solved to optimality, but the final relative gaps are small.

2023

Anomaly Detection in Microservice-Based Systems

Authors
Nobre, J; Pires, EJS; Reis, A;

Publication
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL

Abstract
Currently, distributed software systems have evolved at an unprecedented pace. Modern software-quality requirements are high and require significant staff support and effort. This study investigates the use of a supervised machine learning model, a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), for anomaly detection in microservices. The study covers the creation of a microservices infrastructure, the development of a fault injection module that simulates application-level and service-level anomalies, the creation of a system monitoring dataset, and the creation and validation of the MLP model to detect anomalies. The results indicate that the MLP model effectively detects anomalies in both domains with higher accuracy, precision, recovery, and F1 score on the service-level anomaly dataset. The potential for more effective distributed system monitoring and management automation is highlighted in this study by focusing on service-level metrics such as service response times. This study provides valuable information about the effectiveness of supervised machine learning models in detecting anomalies across distributed software systems.

2023

Wind Farm Cable Connection Layout Optimization Using a Genetic Algorithm and Integer Linear Programming

Authors
Pires, EJS; Cerveira, A; Baptista, J;

Publication
COMPUTATION

Abstract
This work addresses the wind farm (WF) optimization layout considering several substations. It is given a set of wind turbines jointly with a set of substations, and the goal is to obtain the optimal design to minimize the infrastructure cost and the cost of electrical energy losses during the wind farm lifetime. The turbine set is partitioned into subsets to assign to each substation. The cable type and the connections to collect wind turbine-produced energy, forwarding to the corresponding substation, are selected in each subset. The technique proposed uses a genetic algorithm (GA) and an integer linear programming (ILP) model simultaneously. The GA creates a partition in the turbine set and assigns each of the obtained subsets to a substation to optimize a fitness function that corresponds to the minimum total cost of the WF layout. The fitness function evaluation requires solving an ILP model for each substation to determine the optimal cable connection layout. This methodology is applied to four onshore WFs. The obtained results show that the solution performance of the proposed approach reaches up to 0.17% of economic savings when compared to the clustering with ILP approach (an exact approach).

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