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Publications

Publications by CESE

2022

A Trust Scale for Human-Robot Interaction: Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of a Human Computer Trust Scale

Authors
Pinto, A; Sousa, S; Simoes, A; Santos, J;

Publication
HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract
Recently there has been an increasing demand for technologies (automated and intelligent machines) that brings benefits to organizations and society. Similar to the widespread use of personal computers in the past, today's needs are towards facilitating human-machine technology appropriation, especially in highly risky and regulated industries like robotics, manufacturing, automation, military, finance, or healthcare. In this context, trust can be used as a critical element to instruct how human-machine interaction should occur. Considering the context-dependency and multidimensional trust, this study seeks to find a way to measure the effects of perceived trust in a collaborative robot (cobot), regardless of its literal credibility as a real person. This article aims at translating, adapting, and validating a Human-Computer Trust Scale (HCTM) in human-robot interaction (HRI) context and its application to cobots. The Human-Robot Interaction Trust Scale (HRITS) involved 239 participants and included eleven items. The 2nd order CFA with a general factor called trust have proven to be empirically robust (CFI=.94; TLI=.93; SRMR=.04; and RMSEA=.05) [CR=.84; AVE=.58, and MaxRH=.92]; results indicated a good measurement of the general factor trust, and the model satisfied the criteria for measure trust. An analysis of the differences in perceptions of trust by gender was conducted using a t-test. This analysis showed that statistical differences by gender exist (p=.04). This study's results allowed for a better understanding of trust in HRI, specifically regarding cobots. The validation of a Portuguese scale for trust assessment in HRI can give a valuable contribution to designing collaborative environments between humans and robots.

2022

Criteria to consider in a decision model for collaborative robot (cobot) adoption: A literature review

Authors
Silva, A; Simoes, AC; Blanc, R;

Publication
2022 IEEE 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS (INDIN)

Abstract
Collaborative robots are being increasingly used by manufacturing companies due to their potential to help companies cope with market volatility. Before introducing this technology, companies face the decision phase where they determine the investment feasibility. Decision models for cobot adoption can assist decision-makers in this task, but they require previous identification of decision criteria. Since existing literature overlooked this issue, this study aims to provide a list of decision criteria that can be considered in the cobot adoption decision process. These criteria were identified by a literature review of the benefits, advantages, and disadvantages of cobot adoption. Results show that flexibility, competitiveness, ergonomics, quality, safety, space, mobility, ease of programming, technical features, human-robot collaboration, and productivity are important aspects to consider when deciding whether to invest in cobots. The findings of this study provide a better understanding of the decision process for cobot adoption by listing decision criteria along with some indicators, which is an important input for the design of a decision-making process.

2022

P2B Methodology: from patents to business

Authors
Fernandes, G; Lucas, P; Simoes, AC; Dalmarco, G;

Publication
2022 IEEE 28TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION (ICE/ITMC) & 31ST INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY, IAMOT JOINT CONFERENCE

Abstract
Innovation is one of the key aspects that drive economic growth and social welfare, one of the ways that it occurs is through technology transfer. However, using a patent to innovate through technology transfer is a complex process, full of uncertainties, and there is not a well-defined process available that enables entrepreneurs to develop business models based on patents. Therefore, this study aims to develop a methodology to support entrepreneurs in the development of businesses from patents available in technology transfer programs. The P2B methodology was developed within two research steps. Firstly, based on a structured literature review and on the case study analysis of the European Space Agency Business Incubation Center (ESA BIC), an initial conceptualization of the methodology was developed. Secondly, data was collected throughout thirteen semi-structured interviews with experts in technology transfer and management, innovation, and business model development to create the final proposed P2B methodology. The P2B methodology addresses the inherent challenges of the innovative business development process, specific to the technology transfer context, by providing a set of twenty-three activities, supported by sixteen tools, divided into four major phases: technology analysis, value analysis, business model, and business plan.

2022

Scrum's Methodology adaptations to meet the teleworking needs experienced by Software Development Teams

Authors
Gama, LF; Simoes, AC;

Publication
2022 IEEE 28TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION (ICE/ITMC) & 31ST INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY, IAMOT JOINT CONFERENCE

Abstract
Among the different approaches to implementing Agility, the Scrum, created in the late 1980s, has stood out as the most used tool by the software development industry. Understand how the concepts underlying this approach, such as ceremonies and time boxes, have been adapted to meet the situation of telework imposed by social distancing to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus, experienced by the elements of the software development teams, presents an opportunity to learn what are the most efficient ways to use its process. It was observed how Scrum was applied in practice by software development teams during the mandatory telework period and from there, it will be look for better ways to do it, either by developing new technological tools, or using existing tools, to support the ceremonies, or, by creating new processes to support such evolution on methodology's process.

2022

Designing human-robot collaboration (HRC) workspaces in industrial settings: A systematic literature review

Authors
Simões, AC; Pinto, A; Santos, J; Pinheiro, S; Romero, D;

Publication
Journal of Manufacturing Systems

Abstract

2022

Obstacle-aware On-demand 5G Network using a Mobile Robotic Platform

Authors
Maia, D; Coelho, A; Ricardo, M;

Publication
2022 18TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS AND MOBILE COMPUTING, NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATIONS (WIMOB)

Abstract
5G has become increasingly popular nowadays, mainly due to its characteristics which enable high data rates and low latency. At the same time, mobile robotic platforms, such as drones and robots, appeared as suitable platforms to carry radio stations, enabling the on-demand placement of 5G communications cells. The main contribution of this paper is an obstacle-aware on-demand 5G network. The proposed solution consists of a 5G radio station (gNB) carried by a mobile robotic platform capable of providing obstacle-aware wireless connectivity to 5G User Equipments (UEs), leveraged by a novel virtual network function - On-Demand Mobility Management Function (ODMMF). ODMMF is designed to integrate the 5G Core network and it allows to monitor the radio conditions provided to the served UEs, while enabling the positioning of the mobile robotic platform remotely by taking advantage of the visual information provided by on-board video cameras. The proposed solution was validated using an experimental prototype, under a representative networking scenario.

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