Abstract
Time, cost, and quality are the three indispensable factors for the realization and success of a project. In this context, we propose a framework composed of a multi-objective approach and multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDM) to solve time-cost-quality trade-off optimization problems. A multi-objective Simulated Annealing (MOSA) algorithm is used to compute an approximation to the Pareto optimal set. The concept of the exploratory grid is introduced in the MOSA to improve its performance. MCDM are used to assist the decision-making process. The Shannon entropy and AHP methods assign weights to criteria. The first methodology is for the inexperienced decision-makers, and the second concedes a personal and flexible weighting of the criteria weights, based on the project manager's assessment. The TOPSIS and VIKOR methods are considered to rank the solutions. Although they have the same purpose, the rankings achieved are different. A tool is implemented to solve a time-cost-quality trade-off problem on a project activities network. The computational experiments are analyzed and the results with the exploratory grid in Simulated Annealing (SA) are promising. Despite the framework aims to solve multi-objective trade-off optimization problems, supporting the decisions of the project manager, the methodologies used can also be applied in other areas.

Abstract
The innovation and digitalization of the industry is happening triggered by the Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) paradigm. Enterprises are following the trend of digital transformation and are fostering projects that enable a higher comprehension of I4.0 solutions to answer their needs. The IIoT platforms have been a central component for industrial systems architectures to enable interoperability and data flow within industrial settings. However, the digitalization process has all sorts of shortcomings associated to them, and in the SME's this transformation has been slow to none. In this work we showcase a proof of concept of an IIoT platform that intends to simplify the digitalization process in SME's, based on the Portuguese footwear industry cluster.

Abstract
E-auditing has been evolving along with the global phenomenon of digitization. Auditors are dealing with new technological challenges and there is the need for more sophisticated tools to support their activities. However, the digital processes used for identifying and validating inconsistencies in the organizations’ financial information are not very efficient. Due to the high number of violations occurrences of tax e-auditing rules, in which many of them turn out to be irrelevant; the auditors’ work is often hindered, which may lead to incomplete data analysis. In this paper, we propose an approach to the e-auditing process based on the SAF-T (PT) files semantics enrichment using a graph-based data structure representation format. Using a graph-based data representation, we can take advantage of another way to perform queries and discovery mechanisms to retrieve information and knowledge, easing the auditing process and consequently enhancing the outcome of the tax e-auditing rules application. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Abstract
Industry 4.0 confronts companies, in particular SMEs, with various technological, organizational and cultural challenges with great impact on traditional business models. This paradigmatic socio-technical shift, implies the redefinition of the role of people in the organisation, the integration of all organisational decision layers (from the factory floor to the decision support structures) and the digital connection of the entire value chain, including processes, people and machines. However, the lack of qualified resources and the lack of an holistic understanding of industry 4.0 derail SMES’ digital transformation journey. This research work discusses the need for industry 4.0 re-conceptualisation, tailored to SMES’ needs. A lightweight ontology is presented and discussed how it contributes to the organisation and structuring a Community Of Practice, to share knowledge in the context of SMES’ industry 4.0 initiatives. Despite of the discussed use case, the developed artefact might be used to assess SME’s digital readiness. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Abstract
IIoT platforms are a digital enabler for the industrial digital transformation, allowing the organisations to have a clear vision over its current status, promoting flexibility for a fast adjustment to market changes. The development of such a complex technological environment raises a two-fold concern: to promote a simpler modular customisation, and to promote the domain expert's involvement in the process. This requires a new approach on the specification of IIoT architecture, where the conceptualisation phase is crucial. In this context, semantics might play an impacting role, accommodating the multidisciplinary knowledge of IIoT architectures in a technological artefact, at the service of both technological architects and companies' domain experts. This paper discusses a semantic model to represent IIoT components, its conceptual relations, and technical constraints in a common view, supporting the construction of both IIoT concept and platforms within organisations.

Abstract
The economic development process associated with entrepreneurial ecosystems comprises different approaches and its understanding is vital for regional growth. The Polytechnic Institute of Porto is boosting its entrepreneurial ecosystem, to reinforce its action as an agent of economic and social development in the regions where it operates. The objective of the work was to propose the criteria for the construction of an analysis model that allows the identification of regional "strategic bets" that will support the development of proposals for the provision of support services that integrate with the regional business base and incorporate "Decision Intelligence" to performance of the "Entrepreneurial Regional Observatory of the Porto Startup Network." The methodology used was an exploratory research and, at the end, the initiatives taken and the results are presented.