Abstract
Portugal is a country with a large coastal extension and a fishing and sea tradition which place it on the top of fresh, salty and deep-frozen fish consumption in the European Union. The incapacity by consumers to evaluate the degree of freshness and quality of fish for consumption may cause health problems, such as food poisoning, hence the preference of consumers for deep-frozen products instead of healthier fish that is sold fresh. In this project we intend to contribute to an improvement in the evaluation by the final consumer of the quality of fresh fish sold to them through creating a reference table of fish degradation (at this experimental stage for mackerel and sardine) and the development of a mobile application allowing, in a near future, for users to determine the rate of freshness of fish they wish to acquire. The reference table creation is based on the degradation/dehydration of the fish’s eye as well as a respective coloration (opaqueness), which changes according to the time since the fish was caught. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

Abstract
The evolution of technology, and mainly the evolution of the Internet, has improved the way business is done. Nowadays, most services are offered through a website or through an app, as it is much more convenient and suitable for the customer. This business transformation made it possible to get a faster and cheaper service, and companies had to adapt to the change, in order to fulfill customers’ requirements. In this context, this paper relates to this digital transformation, focusing on a case study about Netflix, a former DVD rental company and currently an online streaming leader. We aimed to understand Netflix’s behavior alongside this digital wave. Thus, we performed a survey, which had 74 answers, mainly from Portugal, but also from Spain, Belgium, Italy, Turkey, Georgia and Malaysia. Of the people who answered the survey, 90.1% were stream consumers, but only 59.1% had premium TV channels. From those 90.1%, 58.3% also said that they watched streams between two and four times per week, but the majority of premium TV channel subscribers (63.8%) replied that they watch TV less than twice in a week. We see a trend in which the traditional TV industry is in decline and streaming as a service has increased in popularity. Consumer habits are changing, and people are getting used to the digitalization era. Netflix is also confirmed in our survey as the market leader of the entertainment distribution business, as stated in the literature, and the biggest strength of this platform is its content. © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Abstract
Social media platforms have been increasingly used by companies, over the past few years, in order to make their recruitment and selection process more efficient. The aim is to gather more data about the applicants’ competences and personality traits, assuring that they are hiring the right candidates. Nevertheless, this method may be controversial since it can lead to different legal and ethical issues such as discrimination and invasion of privacy. Additionally, some problems may arise regarding the validity and fairness of the information found in such platforms. As Facebook is the most frequently used social platform among students and recently employed workers, we chose it as the main focus of our survey (which had 212 answers), in order to understand the applicants’ point of view about this subject. The main conclusions were that the majority of the respondents affirmed being aware of this practice, despite not agreeing with it; and, also, they do not believe that this is a good tool to evaluate their potential. Finally, our participants’ answers also led us to conclude that there could be contradictions regarding their judgement about the accessing of personal information by firms on Facebook. 76,9% of our respondents affirmed that they usually assess the profile of people who send them friend requests. Our respondents consider the use of Facebook during the selection process as being unethical, even though they assess others’ profiles and search for information themselves. © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Abstract
One of the biggest, most competitive and quicker shifting markets is the smartphone industry. Evaluating significant opportunities and being sustainable in the market is entirely up to a firm’s innovation strategy. In this article, we perform an in-depth analysis by available means to study trends and tendencies relative to Apple and Xiaomi, two completely different companies with completely different approaches. We tested the clients’ needs and perceptions, in an attempt to see if they are part of the enterprises’ strategy (in a survey, with 193 responses). Indeed, customers are interested in powerful cameras, good storage capacity and a good duration of the battery of their smartphones. The market is evaluated above 1.5 billion units sold per year and demonstrates high demand for every new model to be different, more powerful, more capable of fulfilling our lifestyle. Apple uses an incremental innovation sales strategy, based on the billions of euros used in secret research and development. On the other hand, Xiaomi performs open innovation, taking customers’ needs and ideas to the world. What is the best approach? Will it be enough to stay on top? An analysis using Google Trends shows how Nokia has faded away over time, how Apple had a spike of interest concerning its latest iPhone 11 launch; while Xiaomi is ever more popular, especially in Portugal. © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Abstract
The aim of this article is to show how autoethnography is a useful and revealing research methodology that should be encouraged in academia, especially in higher education. With objectivity, autoethnography, which is a relatively new approach, may be a path toward deeper cultural discussions that are so important in everyday life. Moreover, autoethnography leads to important reflexive and critical observations made by students. Autoethnography is a readily accessible, low-cost methodology and thus very appealing to students and younger researchers. With this article, the author exemplifies autoethnographic accounts and narrates three different stories that occurred while trekking with three different trekking guides in Patagonia (El Chaltén), Argentina. Argentinian culture, in South America, is the focus. Researchers need to be careful of misleading statements in the literature, such as that in Argentina modesty is apparently not tolerated. We found that two of our guides and leaders – Mariano and Liz – both had modest (and pleasant) demeanors. Hence, we conclude that it is important to maintain an open mind and resist categorizing people. This is a vital point of cultural studies that is often not taken seriously. Cultures are made up of individuals and thus many differences can be found in the midst of an attempted standardization, and the desire to put everyone in the same “basket”. © 2020 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Abstract
For many years, industrial engineers and managers have differentiated their duties in the work environment. While this has allowed for the two specialities to operate in their respective domains, the all necessary integration required to deliver a seamless industrial operation and outcomes has been sub-optimal - particularly in cases of conflict of knowledge or power. Industrial engineering and management (IEM) has come to resolve this situation, creating a new professional field and profile, as well as a multifaceted specialisation with a practical character. The challenge to take the next step in the refinement of this relatively new reality in Portugal is placed upon the most recent IEM degree, at the University of Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD).