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Publications

Publications by CPES

2019

Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) grid agents for ancillary services of the smart grid

Authors
Tsiarmtros, D; Stimoniaris, D; Orth, C; Soares, F; Zacharaki, V; Spaggakas, C; Gavros, K;

Publication
Proceedings of 2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe, ISGT-Europe 2019

Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to present a DAB protocol and a DAB grid agent prototype, as essential parts of a grid ancillary services operational model. The decentralized, small electric loads (electric vehicles, household-appliances, batteries, prosumers), clustered properly by aggregators are equipped in large amounts with the so called 'grid-agents'. A grid-agent is a cost-effective, low-power, smart electric control unit consisting of a DAB+ receiver with embedded circuits for local grid voltage and frequency measurements and a microcontroller running algorithms for flexible load control. The grid-agent will optimize the electricity demand with respect to the grid status and/or to external commands received via DAB+. Moreover, especially suited for Transmission System Operators (TSOs), multi-load power facilities that are controlled by energy management systems through specific standards (e.g. KNX for hotels, Modbus for the industrial sector, etc) and even Renewable Energy Sources (RES) Distributed Generators (DGs) are equipped with a single DAB+ grid-agent. © 2019 IEEE.

2019

Detailed Evaluation of Long-term Gamified Residential Demand Management System Field Implementation

Authors
Dashti, N; Zehir, MA; Gul, H; Batman, A; Bagriyanik, M; Ozdemir, A; Kucuk, U; Soares, FJ;

Publication
2019 20th International Conference on Intelligent System Application to Power Systems, ISAP 2019

Abstract
Long-term, regular, grid-aware participants are one of the cornerstones of demand management activities that provide grid services. However, voluntary participation to demand management activities is still at low rates, while most customers are not sufficiently aware of the management potential of their flexible loads. Smart metering and data post-processing play a vital role in demand management programs to visualize consumption profiles, highlight flexibility potential and evaluate load management performance of customers. Additionally, gamification techniques can be employed to motivate users to achieve behavioral changes in their consumption profiles, providing financial and social incentives. Long-term field demonstrations and exploration of detailed evaluation metrics have been the main gaps in this area of study. This paper presents and discusses the results of a 13-month field demonstration of a gamified residential demand management platform. 4-month monitoring period is followed by a 9-month gamification period in four houses in Istanbul, Turkey. © 2019 IEEE.

2019

Steganography for Indoor Location

Authors
Moutinho, J; Freitas, D; Araujo, RE;

Publication
2019 AES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUDIO FORENSICS

Abstract
This paper presents steganography techniques that were employed to avoid human perception of the added audio signals in an acoustic environment for indoor location purposes. In the context of audio forensics, indoor location can be used in connection with the detection of a crime. The validation of using the acoustic channel for data transmission over an almost imperceptible audio signal enables the possibility of a receiving processing mobile device (such as a smartphone) to localize itself absolutely by receiving and processing such signals from the infrastructure. Some possible applications will be presented demonstrating the utility of this technology. This paper will present the use of almost imperceptible audio signals to successfully transmit hidden information using a spread spectrum data-hiding technique or a music/speech cover signal and the echo hiding technique.

2019

Analysis and design of a speed controller for switched reluctance motor drive

Authors
Pereira M.; Araújo R.E.;

Publication
U.Porto Journal of Engineering

Abstract
This paper presents a speed control of the reluctance machine for electric drive applications with fast dynamic demand. To get high-performance speed control, a cascade control algorithm is developed based on linear control technique. The controller is designed using the Root Locus Methodology and implemented on a numerical simulation platform. The design using Root Locus Methodology proved to be a viable approach and showed that various problems associated with the structural torque ripple of the electric motor can be solved. An important aspect of this work is the role played by model linearization in testing the sensitivity of the controller performance to specific parameter changes. The controller is applied to a simulated non-linear switched reluctance motor model in order to evaluate their performances. Simulation results showed that high-performance control for Switched Reluctance Motor has been achieved.

2019

Influence of Geometric Dimensions on the Performance of Switched Reluctance Machine

Authors
Mamede, ACF; Camacho, JR; Araujo, RE;

Publication
MACHINES

Abstract
In a design of a switched reluctance machine, there are a number of parameters that are chosen empirically inside a certain interval, therefore to find an optimum geometry it is necessary to determine how each parameter acts on the performance of the machine. This work presents a study on the influence of geometric dimensions on the performance of the switched reluctance machine. The analysis is done through finite element simulations based on the variation of one parameter while the others are fixed. Graphical and numerical results of torque and magnetic flux are presented for a 6/4 three-phase machine and an 8/6 four-phase machine. The study presented aims to provide consistent data on which dimensions should be modified for specific applications, and thus to base choices made in the design and optimization stage.

2019

Smart and Hybrid Balancing System: Design, Modeling, and Experimental Demonstration

Authors
de Castro, R; Pinto, C; Barreras, JV; Araujo, RE; Howey, DA;

Publication
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY

Abstract
Performance of series connected batteries is limited by the "weakest link" effect, i.e., the cell or group of cells with the poorest performance in terms of temperature, power, or energy characteristics. To mitigate the "weakest link" effect, this study deals with the design, modeling, and experimental demonstration of a smart and hybrid balancing system (SHBS). A cell-to-cell shared energy transfer configuration is proposed, including a supercapacitor bank in the balancing bus, thus enabling hybridization. Energy is transferred from each battery module connected in series to the balancing bus, and vice-versa, by means of low-cost bi-directional dc-dc converters. The current setpoints of the converters are obtained by means of a smart balancing control strategy, implemented using convex optimization. The strategy is called "smart" because it pursues goals beyond the conventional state-of-charge equalization, including temperature and power capability equalization, and minimization of energy losses. Simulations show that the proposed SHBS is able to achieve all these goals effectively in an e-mobility application and are also used to assess the impact of different hybridization ratios and cooling conditions. Finally, an experimental setup is developed to demonstrate the feasibility of the SHBS.

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