Abstract
Under normal operating conditions, a MicroGrid (MG) is interconnected with the Medium Voltage (MV) network. However, planned or unplanned events like maintenance or faults in the MV network, respectively, may lead to MG islanding. In order to deal with islanded operation and even black start following a general blackout, an emergency operation mode must be envisaged. Two possible control strategies were investigated and are described in this paper in order to operate a MG under emergency mode. A sequence of actions for a well succeeded black start procedure, involving microgeneration units, has also been identified contributing for an increase in distribution network reliability.

Abstract
This paper deals with the problem of large wind power integration and its potential impact on systems small signal stability. Factors like grid configuration, load and wind power integration are considered. An automatic algorithm is used to search the space formed by such parameters and generate a representative set of possible operation conditions. The oscillation modes are then calculated for each operation point. Some of these points of operation are subjected to a deeper analysis and the movement of oscillation modes on the complex plane is evaluated. Finally, non-linear time domain simulations are presented.

Abstract
In this paper, a new operational strategy regarding islanding operation is presented exploiting Distributed Generation for islanding; purposes. The presence of DG may be used to enhance reliability to final consumers by providing an alternative power source when there is an interruption in the upstream network. The feasibility of this type of operation in distribution networks is analyzed in a case study by analyzing the behavior of different generating units and protection settings.

Abstract
The proposal of this paper aims to beginning the definition of a formal abstract specification providing a framework, for Electric Power System Software developers to create software, that enables their users to access and process electric network data structures, from a variety of sources and zoning levels. In this framework the user will be able to dealing with a variety of perspectives in power system models by decomposing these models in object components. With the component technology the power system structures and model will be decompose in elementary object-components that can be interchanged across several final uses, software and hardware platforms without operational losses.

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to present novel control strategies for MicroGrid operation, especially in islanded mode. The control strategies involve mainly the coordination of secondary load-frequency control by a MicroGrid Central Controller that heads a hierarchical control system able to assure stable and secure operation when the islanding of the MicroGrid occurs and in load-following situations in islanded mode.

Abstract
A low voltage distribution network with large amounts of small sized dispersed generation can be operated as an isolated system in certain conditions. This paper presents the control strategies to be used in such a system to deal with islanded operation and to exploit the local generation resources as a way to help in power system restoration after a general blackout. A sequence of actions for the black start procedure is identified and it is expected to be an advantage for power system operation in terms of reliability as a result from the presence of a very large amount of dispersed generation.