Abstract
In an evolving European power system, with increasing shares of renewable energy sources – a high percentage of which connected to the distribution network – an accurate, reliable and up-to-date representation of the distribution network becomes a key tool for transmission and distribution system operators’ coordination. The Flexibility Hub, under development by INESC TEC and EDP, and in the scope of the European Union-funded project EU-SysFlex, offers a service that delivers an enhanced dynamic equivalent model of the distribution network to the transmission system operator. It is a useful tool for planning purposes to enable a better understanding of how the distribution network will behave under large voltage and frequency disturbances at the transmission level. This study describes the overall concept and the methodology, provides an overview of the data management model adopted to interface the involved agents and depicts some relevant scenarios under consideration for testing.

Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive procedure for conducting a black start service from an offshore wind farm (OWF) by integrating grid-forming (GFM) control. The proposed strategy utilizes a grid-forming battery energy storage system (BESS) to provide black start service within an OWF that is equipped with grid-following wind turbines. The paper elaborates on the modeling of controllers and the operational methodology taking wind variability during the black start procedure. To showcase the effectiveness of the proposed control and operation principles, the study utilizes an OWF as a case study. Simulation analyses are performed using Matlab/Simulink software to validate the feasibility of the proposed strategy. © Energynautics GmbH.