Abstract
The increasing connection of new assets in LV networks will surely require a better monitoring of these systems in a real-time manner. In order to meet this purpose, a Distribution State Estimator (DSE) module clearly appears as the most cost-effective and possibly the only reliable option available. In this sense, in the scope of the evolvDSO project, a DSE tool exploiting the concept of ELM-AE was developed and tested in two distinct real LV distribution networks. In this paper the main results achieved with the proposed DSE tool are presented and discussed.

Abstract
In this paper a Distribution State Estimator (DSE) tool suitable for real-time monitoring in poorly characterized low voltage networks is presented. An Autoencoder (AE) properly trained with Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) technique is the "brain" of the DSE. The estimation of system state variables, i.e., voltage magnitudes and phase angles is performed with an Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO) algorithm that makes use of the already trained AE. By taking advantage of historical data and a very limited number of quasi real-time measurements, the presented approach turns possible monitoring networks where information of topology and parameters is not available. Results show improvements in terms of estimation accuracy and time performance when compared to other similar DSE tools that make use of the traditional back-propagation based algorithms for training execution.

Abstract
This paper presents a new methodology to solve the reconfiguration problem of electrical distribution systems (EDSs) with variable demand, using the artificial immune algorithm Copt-aiNet (Artificial Immune Network for Combinatorial Optimization). This algorithm is an optimization technique inspired by immune network theory (aiNet). The reconfiguration problem with variable demand is a complex problem of a combinatorial nature. The goal is to identify the best radial topology for an EDS in order to minimize the cost of energy losses in a given operation period. A specialized sweep load flow for radial systems was used to evaluate the feasibility of the topology with respect to the operational constraints of the EDS and to calculate the active power losses for each demand level. The algorithm was implemented in C++ and was evaluated using test systems with 33, 84, and 136 nodes, as well as a real system with 417 nodes. The obtained results were compared with those in the literature in order to validate and prove the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.

Abstract

Abstract
This paper describes the application of the clonal selection algorithm to the reconfiguration problem of distribution networks considering non-uniform demand levels. The Clonal Algorithm, CLONALG, is a combinatorial optimization technique inspired in the immunologic bio system and it aims at reproducing the main properties and functions of this system. The reconfiguration problem of distribution networks with non-uniform demand levels is a complex problem that aims at identifying the most adequate radial topology of the network that complies with all technical constraints in every demand level while minimizing the cost of active losses along an extended operation period. This work includes results of the application of the Clonal algorithm to distribution systems with 33, 84 and 136 buses. These results demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed approach.

Abstract
This paper describes the application of the Opt-aiNet algorithm to the reconfiguration problem of distribution systems considering variable demand levels. The Opt-aiNet algorithm is an optimization technique inspired in the immunologic bio system and it aims at reproducing the main properties and functions of this system. The reconfiguration problem of distribution networks with variable demands is a complex problem that aims at identifying the most adequate radial topology of the network that complies with all technical constraints in every demand level while minimizing the cost of power losses along an extended operation period. This work includes results of the application of the Opt-aiNet algorithm to distribution systems with 33, 84, 136 and 417 buses. These results demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed approach.