Abstract
Purpose: This study addresses the development of a variant process planning tool, following the Knowledge-Based Variant Process Planning methodology, applied in a case study and presents the gains achieved. Methodology/Approach: Case study supported by six steps: (1) Feature Analysis, (2) Knowledge Retrieval, (3) Inference, (4) Plan Adaptation, (5) Knowledge Update, and (6) Plan Validation/Optimisation. Findings: The implementation of the Knowledge-Based Variant Process Planning tool led to significant improvements: planner time reduced by 70%, analyst workload by 90%, and process plan errors to 0%. Results show this approach significantly improves process planning in customised production. Research Limitation/Implication: The limitations are associated with the specificity of the case study problem-the electric engine production systems. Originality/Value of paper: This study helps fill the gap in case studies on the Variant Process Planning approach, specifically for electric engine production systems, paving the way for similar companies to adopt Knowledge-Based Variant Process Planning.

Abstract
Editing 360 degrees videos remains a challenge in the content creation process of immersive experiences, video editing tools are primarily presented as 2D desktop GUI applications. These interfaces provide limited capabilities for previewing content in a virtual reality (VR) headset or for manipulating the spherical video directly in an intuitive manner. As a result, editors must alternate between editing on the desktop and previewing in the headset, which may be tedious and interrupts the creative process. In this work, we present the conceptualization, implementation, and evaluation of an immersive 3D editor, built as an extension of an existing 2D editor, which allows for 360 degrees editing directly using a VR headset with controllers. The editor provides the main functionalities to create 360 degrees experiences augmented with visual annotations to provide information or guide users' attention during the viewing experience. The immersive editor was evaluated through a user study to assess its usability and intuitiveness. Participants performed several tasks in both the existing 2D editor and the developed immersive editor, and provided feedback on their experience. Results indicate that performing editing tasks in the immersive editor felt overall easier and more intuitive, while also identifying potential changes and improvements to be addressed as future work.

Abstract
Demand-Driven Material Requirements Planning (DDMRP) has been proposed as a solution for managing uncertainty and variability in supply chains by combining decoupling, buffer management and demand-driven planning principles. A key element of DDMRP is its inventory replenishment model, which relies on dynamically adjusted inventory buffers rather than fixed stock levels. However, parameterization of these buffers often involves subjective choices, raising concerns about consistency and performance. This paper assesses the DDMRP replenishment model through discrete-event simulation of a multi-echelon, capacity-constrained production system. Two alternative formulations of the safety stock term in the red zone are compared: the original factor-based approach and a revised formula that incorporates measurable variability coefficients. While both safety stock formulations yield similar numerical results, the revised formula enhances transparency and reduces subjectivity. Assessing the impact of introducing a buffer for components in addition to a finished goods buffer further shows that the components buffer can reduce finished goods inventory requirements while maintaining service levels. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the DDMRP replenishment model, offering practical insights for parameter selection and supply chain design.

Abstract
Virtual Reality (VR) can be an excellent platform for collaborative work. However, standing in VR and gesturing in midair can be physically exhausting. We introduce RepliCo, a collaborative DeskVR approach focused on communication in the context of 3D content reviewing. Using an interactive surface and the world-in-miniature metaphor, it addresses common challenges in virtual collaboration, such as spatially referencing points of interest and user awareness. We conducted a user evaluation with 20 participants to assess the viability of our approach in both a large and a small environment. Results revealed that RepliCo efficiently allowed users to share points of interest in a user-friendly and physically undemanding manner. Although the larger model was identified as requiring more effort, there were few significant differences in task completion times, highlighting RepliCo's versatility.

Abstract
Virtual Reality (VR) is a powerful tool for industrial training due to its capacity to simulate realistic, risk-free environments. However, creating VR training scenarios often requires significant technical expertise and large investments, limiting the technology's adoption. This paper presents a VR training platform that empowers trainers to author, test, and deliver immersive training procedures directly within a VR environment without writing code. It also gives trainees a place to practice and learn without consequences. A key feature is the integration of Virtual Choreographies, enabling trainers to define ordered procedures, record trainee attempts, more easily understand their actions, and automatically assess performance. A user study was conducted to evaluate usability, workflow clarity, and feature effectiveness. Results indicate strong usability and comprehension for non-expert users, and confirm the potential of Virtual Choreographies to guide and evaluate procedural training. The platform represents a step toward creating accessible, customizable VR training for industrial and educational settings. © 2025 IEEE.

Abstract
Kidney paired donation (KPD) programs are organized in various countries to facilitate the donation of kidneys from willing but incompatible donors by matching them with pairs in similar situations. These programs often struggle with an accumulation of difficult-to-match recipients and small pools of incompatible pairs. To address this, several international collaborations have emerged to expand the pool sizes and increase the number of transplants by “exchanging” donors’ kidneys across countries. We identified 4 established international KPD programs, each supported by protocols and agreements signed by the participating parties. Each program is presented separately, detailing its historical establishment, operational aspects, and statistics on pool characteristics and performance. Following this, we provide a comparative analysis of key aspects across the 4 programs. Each program has its unique context and specificities. Even though 3 of 4 collaborations started just before the COVID-19 pandemic, they have collectively facilitated >450 transplants. This underscores the importance of further developing these collaborations to share practices and experiences, and to facilitate more transplants, particularly for difficult-to-match recipients. Three of the 4 presented collaborations are either fully operated or led by European countries. This highlights the crucial role of ongoing international cooperation in the development of KPDs, in particular in Europe. By further promoting collaboration among countries, we can facilitate pan-European exchanges and improve access to live kidney transplants for patients in need. © 2025