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Publications

2026

Immersion for AI: Immersive Learning with Artificial Intelligence

Authors
Morgado, L;

Publication
IMMERSIVE LEARNING RESEARCH NETWORK, ILRN 2025

Abstract
This work reflects upon what Immersion can mean from the perspective of an Artificial Intelligence (AI). Applying the lens of immersive learning theory, it seeks to understand whether this new perspective supports ways for AI participation in cognitive ecologies. By treating AI as a participant rather than a tool, it explores what other participants (humans and other AIs) need to consider in environments where AI can meaningfully engage and contribute to the cognitive ecology, and what the implications are for designing such learning environments. Drawing from the three conceptual dimensions of immersion-System, Narrative, and Agency-this work reinterprets AIs in immersive learning contexts. It outlines practical implications for designing learning environments where AIs are surrounded by external digital services, can interpret a narrative of origins, changes, and structural developments in data, and dynamically respond, making operational and tactical decisions that shape human-AI collaboration. Finally, this work suggests how these insights might influence the future of AI training, proposing that immersive learning theory can inform the development of AIs capable of evolving beyond static models. This paper paves the way for understanding AI as an immersive learner and participant in evolving human-AI cognitive ecosystems.

2026

Interprofessional Collaboration in Healthcare with escape room: a scoping review

Authors
Cunha, A; Campos, MJ; Ferreira, MC; Fernandes, CS;

Publication
JOURNAL OF INTERPROFESSIONAL CARE

Abstract
Interprofessional collaboration is an essential competency for healthcare professionals, and escape rooms have emerged as an innovative strategy to enhance teamwork and communication. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and summarize how escape rooms are used in the teaching and enhancement of interprofessional collaboration skills. We conducted a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. A search of five databases, Scopus (R), Web of Science (R), CINAHL Complete (R), MEDLINE (R) and PsychINFO (R) was conducted for all articles until 1 January 2024. The review included 15 studies, mostly from the USA, involving a total of 2,434 participants across various healthcare professions. Key findings indicated significant improvements in group cohesion, communication, understanding of team roles, and interprofessional skills. Escape rooms can be an effective pedagogical tool in enhancing interprofessional competencies among healthcare students and professionals. Further research is needed to explore the sustainability of skills gained over time through escape rooms and to refine assessment methods.

2026

Hybrid Human-AI Collaborative Networks

Authors
Camarinha-Matos, LM; Ortiz, A; Boucher, X; Lucas Soares, A;

Publication
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology

Abstract

2026

Data Spaces as Enablers of Digital Twin Ecosystems: Challenges and Requirements

Authors
Chaves, AC; Alonso, AN; Soares, AL;

Publication
ADVANCES IN PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. CYBER-PHYSICAL-HUMAN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: HUMAN-AI COLLABORATION AND BEYOND, APMS 2025, PT V

Abstract
The increasing adoption of the Digital Twin concept and technology for managing complex physical assets has led to the emergence of Digital Twin Ecosystems, where interconnected digital twins generate additional value. However, ensuring seamless data sharing and interoperability among diverse systems presents significant challenges. Although research on digital twin architectures has advanced, gaps remain in addressing data governance, security, and stakeholders' trust. This study performs a comprehensive literature review to investigate architectural solutions to overcome challenges in digital twin ecosystems. The findings identify key requirements such as interoperability, governance, and data management, emphasizing the role of Data Spaces as enablers of secure data sharing. By structuring the requirements for digital twin ecosystem architectures, this paper identifies gaps suggesting future research on scalable and sustainable digital twin ecosystem implementations. These insights are expected to contribute to the development of frameworks that integrate technical advances with organizational and regulatory considerations, ultimately fostering the adoption of digital twin ecosystems across industries.

2026

Human-Centered Augmented Reality in Manufacturing: Enhancing Efficiency, Accuracy, and Operator Adoption

Authors
Ramalho, FR; Soares, AL; Simoes, AC; Almeida, AH; Oliveira, M;

Publication
ADVANCES IN PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. CYBER-PHYSICAL-HUMAN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: HUMAN-AI COLLABORATION AND BEYOND, APMS 2025, PT I

Abstract
This paper evaluates an Augmented Reality (AR) solution designed to support quality control in a assembly line inspection station before body marriage at a European automotive manufacturer. A threephase methodology was applied: an AS-IS assessment, a formative evaluation of an intermediate prototype, and a summative evaluation under real production conditions. The AR solution aimed to improve task standardization, non-value-added time (NVAT), and enhance operator accuracy. The results showed that operators successfully developed inspections using the AR tool, identifying and correcting non-conformities (NOKs) while maintaining task duration. Participants valued having contextual information directly in their field of vision and reported increased rigor and consistency. However, usability and ergonomic improvements were noted, such as headset weight, gesture interaction, and visibility over dark components. The findings highlight AR's potential to support operator autonomy and accuracy in industrial environments while emphasizing the need for human-centered design and integration to ensure long-term adoption.

2026

A Distributed Electric Vehicles Charging System Powered by Photovoltaic Solar Energy with Enhanced Voltage and Frequency Control in Isolated Microgrids

Authors
Baltazar, P; Barros, JD; Gomes, L;

Publication
ELECTRONICS

Abstract
This study presents a photovoltaic (PV)-based electric vehicle (EV) charging system designed to optimize energy use and support isolated microgrid operations. The system integrates PV panels, DC/AC, AC/DC, and DC/DC converters, voltage and frequency droop control, and two energy management algorithms: Power Sharing and SEWP (Spread Energy with Priority). The DC/AC converter demonstrated high efficiency, with stable AC output and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) limited to 1%. The MPPT algorithm ensured optimal energy extraction under both gradual and abrupt irradiance variations. The DC/DC converter operated in constant current mode followed by constant voltage regulation, enabling stable power delivery and preserving battery integrity. The Power Sharing algorithm, which distributes PV energy equally, favored vehicles with a higher initial state of charge (SOC), while leaving low-SOC vehicles at modest levels, reducing satisfaction under limited irradiance. In contrast, SEWP prioritized low-SOC EVs, enabling them to achieve higher SOC values compared to the Power Sharing algorithm, reducing SOC dispersion and enhancing fairness. The integration of voltage and frequency droop controls allowed the station to support microgrid stability by limiting reactive power injection to 30% of apparent power and adjusting charging current in response to frequency deviation.

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