Abstract
Digital transformation is critical for the competitiveness of SMEs. Digital Innovation Hubs (DIHs) aim to regionally support companies in the development of new products, processes, or services, providing access to advanced technologies. Since DIHs have to be financially sustainable, it is important to discuss which business models are put forward in such complex arrangements. Our main goal is to analyse how DIHs, specialized in Industry 4.0 technologies and services, create, offer, and capture value. The research was conducted through a documentary analysis of reports about DIHs' Business Models, generated by three European initiatives (encompassing more than 300 DIHs). Results demonstrate that one Business Model does not fit all, since regional characteristics, which vary among differentDIH's, are themain drivers to define value creation, offer and capture. This work aims to provide DIH managers insights to help them develop sustainability strategies.

Abstract
Innovation is one of the key aspects that drive economic growth and social welfare, one of the ways that it occurs is through technology transfer. However, using a patent to innovate through technology transfer is a complex process, full of uncertainties, and there is not a well-defined process available that enables entrepreneurs to develop business models based on patents. Therefore, this study aims to develop a methodology to support entrepreneurs in the development of businesses from patents available in technology transfer programs. The P2B methodology was developed within two research steps. Firstly, based on a structured literature review and on the case study analysis of the European Space Agency Business Incubation Center (ESA BIC), an initial conceptualization of the methodology was developed. Secondly, data was collected throughout thirteen semi-structured interviews with experts in technology transfer and management, innovation, and business model development to create the final proposed P2B methodology. The P2B methodology addresses the inherent challenges of the innovative business development process, specific to the technology transfer context, by providing a set of twenty-three activities, supported by sixteen tools, divided into four major phases: technology analysis, value analysis, business model, and business plan.

Abstract
The circular economy is increasingly being considered as a potential model to replace the prevailing end-of-life approach by establishing a closed-loop flow. The importance of different supply chain (SC) actors in this process has been recognized as a critical aspect of the development of sustainable production-consumption models. Consumers play a crucial role in this context, as they have a dual function: ensuring the correct disposal of used products; and consuming products from circular sources. However, the different roles consumers play (refuse, rethink, reduce, reuse, repair, refurbish, remanufacture, repurpose, recycle, recover) in circular SCs are still unclear. Through a systematic literature review, this paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the influence of consumers on the adoption of circular supply chain (CSC) practices and to identify the main drivers and barriers regarding the adoption of circular practices. The results demonstrate that the topic is recent and has gained ground in the literature. An in-depth qualitative analysis was carried out with the 74 papers identified and shows that the most commonly addressed R-strategies are reuse, recycle and repair. The main motivations and challenges towards a greater adoption of circular practices are related to (or lack of) environmental beliefs and financial benefits.

Abstract
Companies are putting more emphasis on the customer experience, associating services with their physical products with the help of emerging technologies. At the same time, several actors participating in research and innovation projects, such as universities, research institutes, and service providers, are involved in the value co-creation process. Thus, this study describes how digitalisation and servitisation in the context of participation in research and innovation projects contributed to innovation in industrial companies’ business model (BM). Qualitative exploratory research took place, collecting data through interviews with twelve key actors in industrial companies. The interviewees were professionals in management and R&D areas and founders from nine European countries who participated in six research and innovation European projects. The exchange of knowledge and experiences between the different actors of the innovation ecosystem influences this. From a practical point of view, research provides managers of industrial companies with the best practices and describes the main changes observed in the BM Canvas. This study also contributes to categorising companies in terms of their service maturity by associating factors other than servitisation, such as digitalisation and the actors of the research and innovation projects. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

Abstract

Abstract
Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to characterize the knowledge flow between companies and universities based on national and sectoral systems of innovation perspective. It is argued here that high-tech sectors can describe a knowledge flow mainly based on scientific research, while sectors with lower technological impact may establish relations based on technical needs.Design/methodology/approach– A case study research was conducted in the horticulture and aerospace sectors in Brazil. Thirteen interviews were performed with chief executive officer’s and academic researchers from both fields.Findings– Results demonstrated differences in technology development and knowledge infrastructure when comparing both sectors, reflecting the impacts of national and sectoral systems of innovation. The horticulture sector presented technological limitations due to restricted eating habits, logistics, knowledge development at universities and difficulties on the establishment of partnerships between local companies and Embrapa, the main public research centre. Such restrictions limit academic activities while companies look for research partnerships abroad. Space industry also has limited technological development due to international embargoes and lack of research alignment between companies and universities. Companies end up developing research activities internally, usually funded by governmental tenders.Research limitations/implications– The horticulture sector has limitations, as it is not the main agriculture area in science and technology applications. Future studies may analyse areas like soy beans, sugar cane and coffee, which may present differences specially regarding sectoral systems of innovation.Originality/value– The finding of this paper may influence the review of sectoral innovation policies, improving the development of local research activities which may be a source of valuable knowledge to companies. It also demonstrates the importance of the knowledge flow to improve sector’s technology level.