Abstract
In this paper a solution to an highly constrained and non-convex economical dispatch (ED) problem with a meta-heuristic technique named Sensing Cloud Optimization (SCO) is presented. The proposed meta-heuristic is based on a cloud of particles whose central point represents the objective function value and the remaining particles act as sensors "to fill" the search space and "guide" the central particle so it moves into the best direction. To demonstrate its performance, a case study with multi-fuel units and valve- point effects is presented.

Abstract
The application of technologies for the improvement of voltage stability, particularly during contingencies is a major concern in the field of power networks operation and control. In this paper it is studied the FACTS performance in the dynamic voltage stability of an electric power system. It was considered the influence of two FACTS controllers in parallel or shunt connection, the Static VAR Compensators (SVC) and the Static Synchronous Compensators (STATCOM) in the dynamic voltage stability during a disturbance of the BPA test power network. The models of SVC and STATCOM were developed in EUROSTAG. The Automatic Voltage Regulators (AVR) of the generating units and the turbine speed governors were modelled in detail. Different load models were used and the Under Load Tap Changers (ULTC) were also taken into account. Finally, some conclusions that provide a better understanding of the dynamic voltage stability using FACTS devices during a disturbance are pointed out.

Abstract
The energy sector is evolving rapidly, namely due to the increasing importance of renewable energy sources. The connection of large amounts of wind power generation poses new challenges for the dynamic voltage stability analysis of an electric power system, which has to be studied. In this paper, the traditional Doubly-Fed Induction Generator model is employed. Based on this model, a crowbar and chopper circuit is set up to protect the turbine during the short-circuit period. The EUROSTAG software package was used for the simulation studies of the system, and numerical results were obtained. Conclusions are drawn that provide a better understanding of the influence of crowbar and chopper protection on Doubly-Fed Induction Generators (DFIG), during low voltage ride through, in a system with wind power generation.

Abstract
In this paper is studied an approach based on risk assessment to solve the scheduling of a power production system with variable power sources. The spinning reserves resulting from the unit commitment are analyzed too. In this methodology there are no infeasible solutions, only more or less costly solutions associated to the operation risks, such as, load or renewable production curtailment. The uncertainty of forecasted production and load demand are defined by probability distribution functions. The methodology is tested in a real case study, an island with high penetration of renewable power production. Finally, forecasted and measured reserves are compared, once the reserves are strongly linked with the forecasting quality. The results of a real case study are presented and discussed. They show the difficulty to achieve complete robust solutions.

Abstract
The classroom will always present great challenges to the teachers. It is important to know how to provide learning to a new generation of students and to try to understand how students learn today. Each student arrives at school with a diversity of knowledge resulting from their own life experience, probably divergent from that of their colleagues. On the other hand, the domain of the new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is part of their own experience. The teacher/student relationship is becoming more and digital and, therefore, the limitations of space are more and more reduced. ICTS have greatly altered the way students have access to knowledge, how they share it or how they simply organize the work. Thus, traditional pedagogical strategies and processes must integrate technologies, as a way to apply new work methodologies that value the students' reflection and critical thinking. In return, technology will bring them closer to knowledge, increasing their autonomy and consequent motivation. This work aimed at introducing the topic of sustainable mobility, so that electric vehicles become a growing reality in everyday life. A power generation system was proposed using a grid of photovoltaic panels, which in turn will allow the sustained feeding of a quick charging station. The surplus of electricity produced by the grid of panels can be used to meet the energy needs of a service station. A varied range of software tools were used to address the challenge. This article aims at discussing the use of different software in the educational environment, highlighting the advantages, as well as the difficulties associated with the approach. Several educational software types were used in the final project of a master's degree in ISEC (Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Coimbra). Software tools are an effective way to train students. The use of virtual reality tools in concept teaching of fast charging stations was quite effective in the improvement of students.

Abstract
In this paper it is presented the study of the effect of Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation (TCSC) and Static Var Compensators (SVC) devices on voltage collapse phenomenon in power systems to increase system loadability. Comparative studies of TCSC and SVC performance on Dynamic Voltage Stability of an Electric Power System are presented. The models of TCSC and SVC were developed in EUROSTAG. The Automatic Voltage Regulators (AVR) of the generating units and the turbine speed governors were modelled in detail. Different load models were used and the Under Load Tap Changers (ULTC) were also taken into account. Finally, some conclusions that provide a better understanding of the dynamic voltage stability using Flexible AC transmission System (FACTS) devices during a disturbance are pointed out.