Abstract
-This study focuses on providing meaningful information to vulnerable road users (VRUs) to support their objectives and perceptions while navigating urban spaces, employing a novel route planning concept. Through three focus group sessions, a comprehensive survey was conducted to identify the needs and concerns of VRUs, leading to the development of an integrated and collaborative mobile application for active mobility. The application encompasses route calculation, prioritizing safety, comfort, civic participation, and empathy. The solution aims to bridge citizen users and city managers, facilitating alerts, historical information on safety and comfort, and collaborative problem-solving and sharing of urban attractions. A prototype of the concept was developed and extensively tested by potential users, and subjective evaluation and feedback demonstrated the usefulness and added value of the integrated and collaborative approach. This study highlights the proposed solution relevance and differentiation from official alerts, user experiences, and civic participation, positioning it as a comprehensive solution for active mobility.

Abstract
Fano resonances emerge from the coherent interference between a discrete resonant state and a continuum of propagating modes, giving rise to a characteristically asymmetric spectral line shape with heightened sensitivity to minute variations in the underlying physical parameters. This study provides a chronological perspective on the development and increasing implementation of Fano-type effects in fiber-optic technology. Their implementation in fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) through numerical simulations of resonant Fano behavior. Specifically, a Fano-like response in an FBG can be designed by introducing a tailored phase shift into the grating structure; the magnitude of this phase discontinuity constitutes an effective control parameter for tuning the interference condition and, consequently, the resulting spectral asymmetry. The resonance produces a distinctive, asymmetrical spectral response that is attractive for a broad range of photonic functionalities. Key applications include fiber-integrated sensing - where the enhanced spectral sensitivity supports the detection of changes in refractive index, temperature, pressure, or biomolecular interactions - as well as narrowband filtering and spectral shaping for telecommunications and optical signal-processing systems.

Abstract
Abstract This article examines the ethical dimensions of AI-supported fact-checking tools in the context of elderly health care, focusing on how caregivers interpret trust, credibility, and cultural relevance when engaging with AI-mediated information. The study adopts a qualitative, exploratory methodology grounded in Value Sensitive Design and Human–Machine Communication. Empirical data were collected through a co-design workshop, focus group discussions, empathy map exercises, and descriptive questionnaires with elderly caregivers in a rural Portuguese context. Rather than aiming for statistical generalization, the research prioritizes contextual understanding and value articulation. The findings reveal that caregivers evaluate AI-supported fact-checking solutions not only in terms of informational accuracy, but also through ethical considerations such as protection, inclusion, trustworthiness, and perceived legitimacy. Differences between traditional journalistic approaches, automated AI solutions, and visual or animated formats were less salient than participants’ interpretations of how these tools aligned with their lived experiences and communicative norms. By foregrounding the perspectives of caregivers in a socioeconomically constrained setting, this study contributes empirically grounded insights to debates in AI ethics and responsible AI design. It highlights the importance of culturally sensitive, user-centered approaches when deploying AI technologies in health communication and misinformation management, particularly for vulnerable populations.

Abstract
While Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in emerging markets have been adopting advanced digital technology to gain competitiveness and scale, they still face business cybersecurity risks due to limited resources, awareness, and expertise. This paper aims to systematically review the literature covering cybersecurity, conceptual frameworks, and challenges associated with Digital Transformation (DT) faced by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries, with specific emphasis in Mozambique. The established inclusion criteria were papers published between 2015 to 2024, in English and Portuguese, focusing on cybersecurity, cybersecurity framework, Digital Transformation (DT), Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) of any sector, and developing countries with emphasis of Mozambique or similar contexts. Studies related to large enterprises, and research published more than 10 years were excluded. A total of 22 out of 124 research articles, journals, and conferences, were analyzed in detail, according to bibliographic information, different research design, outcomes, and findings. The study used four digital libraries, namely: IEEE Xplore, American Computing Machinery (ACM), Science Direct, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were used in addition. The quality assessment checklist was used in the included studies to evaluate the methodological rigor and relevance of primary studies. The findings reveal that even as the world becomes more aware of the need for Digital Transformation and cybersecurity, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries continue to be underserved. This review allowed to identify a considerable disparity between the cybersecurity practices applied by SMEs in developing countries and the guidelines provided by international frameworks. The review emphasizes important areas that warrant longitudinal, sector-specific, impact-driven research, policy-oriented studies that can inform scalable, inclusive, and sustainable digital strategies, as well as a dedicated cybersecurity framework appropriate for the Mozambican context.

Abstract
The growing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into interactive systems presents unique challenges and opportunities for Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and User Experience (UX). While AI can enhance usability and provide novel interaction paradigms, it also raises concerns related to transparency, control, and user trust. This workshop seeks to bring together researchers and practitioners to discuss state-of-the-art engineering methods that support HCI and UX in AI-driven systems. By fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, we aim to identify key challenges, share best practices, and develop a roadmap for future research in this critical area.

Abstract