2022
Autores
Valente, J; Jorge, A; Nunes, S;
Publicação
Proceedings of Text2Story - Fifth Workshop on Narrative Extraction From Texts held in conjunction with the 44th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR 2022), Stavanger, Norway, April 10, 2022.
Abstract
Narratives are used to convey information and are an important way of understanding the world through information sharing. With the increasing development in Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence, it becomes relevant to explore new techniques to extract, process, and visualize narratives. Narrative visualization tools enable a news story reader to have a different perspective from the traditional format, allowing it to be presented in a schematic way, using representative symbols to summarize it. We propose a new narrative visualization approach using icons to represent important narrative elements. The proposed visualization is integrated in Brat2Viz, a narrative annotation visualization tool that implements a pipeline that transforms text annotations into formal representations leading to narrative visualizations. To build the icon visualization, we present a narrative element extraction process that uses automatic sentence extraction, automatic translation methods, and an algorithm that determines the actors' most adequate descriptions. Then, we introduce a method to create an icon dictionary, with the ability to automatically search for icons. Furthermore, we present a critical analysis and user-based evaluation of the results resorting to the responses collected in two separate surveys.
2022
Autores
Guedes, C; Giesteira, B; Nunes, S;
Publicação
ACM JOURNAL ON COMPUTING AND CULTURAL HERITAGE
Abstract
In this article, we present solutions to visualize and interact with linked data in historical archives considering three different scenarios: search, individual record view, and creation of relationships. The created solutions were designed using nonfunctional mockups and were based on the CIDOC-CRM model, a model created and applied in the museums community liable to be extended to other cultural heritage institutions, being our solutions an application of this model to archives. A sample of 20 archival professionals was selected to evaluate the elements included in the proposed solutions. The evaluation sessions consisted in structured interviews supported by an introductory video and a survey. The think-aloud protocol was applied during the sessions. We conducted both a quantitative and qualitative analysis to the collected answers. From this analysis, we conclude that the majority of the participants showed great receptivity to the solutions presented and recognized many benefits in the application of linked data. Our contributions also include an exploratory study of some existing linked data systems, giving particular attention to their visualization and interaction modes.
2022
Autores
Nunes, S; Silva, T; Martins, C; Peixoto, R;
Publicação
Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries - Workshops and Doctoral Consortium, Padua, Italy, September 20, 2022.
Abstract
In this paper we describe the EPISA Platform, a technical infrastructure designed and developed to support archival records management and access using linked data technologies. The EPISA Platform follows a client-server paradigm, with a central component, the EPISA Server, responsible for storage, reasoning, authorization, and search; and a frontend component, the EPISA ArchClient, responsible for user interaction. The EPISA Server uses Apache Jena Fuseki for storage and reasoning, and Apache Solr for search. The EPISA ArchClient is a web application implemented using PHP Laravel and standard web technologies. The platform follows a modular architecture, based on Docker containers. We describe the technical details of the platform and the main user interaction workflows, highlighting the abstractions developed to integrate linked data in the archival management process. The EPISA Platform has been successfully used to support research and development of linked data use in the archival domain in the context of the EPISA project. © 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
2022
Autores
Damas, J; Devezas, J; Nunes, S;
Publicação
PROGRESS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, EPIA 2022
Abstract
In this work, we targeted the search engine of a sports-related website that presented an opportunity for search result quality improvement. We reframed the engine as a Federated Search instance, where each collection represented a searchable entity type within the system, using Apache Solr for querying each resource and a Python Flask server to merge results. We extend previous work on individual search term weighing, making use of past search terms as a relevance indicator for user selected documents. To incorporate term weights we define four strategies combining two binary variables: integration with default relevance (linear scaling or linear combination) and search term frequency (raw value or log-smoothed). To evaluate our solution, we extracted two query sets from search logs: one with frequently submitted queries, and another with ambiguous result access patterns. We used click-through information as a relevance proxy and tried to mitigate its limitations by evaluating under distinct IR metrics, including MRR, MAP and NDCG. Moreover, we also measured Spearman rank correlation coefficients to test similarities between produced rankings and reference orderings according to user access patterns. Results show consistency across all metrics in both sets. Previous search terms were key to obtaining a higher effectiveness, with runs that used pure search term frequency performing best. Compared to the baseline, our best strategies were able to maintain quality on frequent queries and improve retrieval effectiveness on ambiguous queries, with up to six percentage points better performance on most metrics.
2022
Autores
Pinto, P; Bispo, J; Cardoso, J; Barbosa, JG; Gadioli, D; Palermo, G; Martinovic, J; Golasowski, M; Slaninova, K; Cmar, R; Silvano, C;
Publicação
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Abstract
Developing and optimizing software applications for high performance and energy efficiency is a very challenging task, even when considering a single target machine. For instance, optimizing for multicore-based computing systems requires in-depth knowledge about programming languages, application programming interfaces (APIs), compilers, performance tuning tools, and computer architecture and organization. Many of the tasks of performance engineering methodologies require manual efforts and the use of different tools not always part of an integrated toolchain. This paper presents Pegasus, a performance engineering approach supported by a framework that consists of a source-to-source compiler, controlled and guided by strategies programmed in a Domain-Specific Language, and an autotuner. Pegasus is a holistic and versatile approach spanning various decision layers composing the software stack, and exploiting the system capabilities and workloads effectively through the use of runtime autotuning. The Pegasus approach helps developers by automating tasks regarding the efficient implementation of software applications in multicore computing systems. These tasks focus on application analysis, profiling, code transformations, and the integration of runtime autotuning. Pegasus allows developers to program their strategies or to automatically apply existing strategies to software applications in order to ensure the compliance of non-functional requirements, such as performance and energy efficiency. We show how to apply Pegasus and demonstrate its applicability and effectiveness in a complex case study, which includes tasks from a smart navigation system.
2022
Autores
Amaro, G; Mendes, D; Rodrigues, R;
Publicação
2022 IEEE CONFERENCE ON VIRTUAL REALITY AND 3D USER INTERFACES (VR 2022)
Abstract
Typical VR interactions can be tiring, including standing up, walking, and mid-air gestures. Such interactions result in decreased comfort and session duration compared with traditional non-VR interfaces, which may, in turn, reduce productivity. Nevertheless, current approaches often neglect this aspect, making the VR experience not as promising as it can be. As we see it, desk VR experiences provide the convenience and comfort of a desktop experience and the benefits of VR immersion, being a good compromise between the overall experience and ergonomics. In this work, we explore navigation techniques targeted at desk VR users, using both controllers and a large multi-touch surface. We address travel and orientation techniques independently, considering only continuous approaches for travel as these are better suited for exploration and both continuous and discrete approaches for orientation. Results revealed advantages for a continuous controller-based travel method and a trend for a dragging-based orientation technique. Also, we identified possible trends towards task focus affecting overall cybersickness symptomatology.
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