Abstract
The electric distribution planning problem consists on deciding which facilities (injection points and feeders) to construct to meet future injections. Uncertainty on future demands and independent producers' injections, in the distribution network introduce additional difficulties to the problem. This paper presents a framework to cope with uncertainties, resulting from natural resources producers (mini-hydro and wind generation), based on fuzzy descriptions of the dispersed generation injections, leading to detailed models to be used in planning tools. The models include basic uncertainty and linguistic modifiers when extra information, from experts, is available. The proposed approach is useful both for operation and planning purposes.

Abstract
This paper presents an application of Monte Carlo chronological simulation to evaluate the reserve requirements of generating systems, considering renewable energy sources. The idea is to investigate the behavior of reliability indices, including those from the well-being analysis, when the major portion of the energy sources is renewable. Renewable in this work comprises hydroelectric, mini-hydroelectric, and wind power sources. Case studies on a configuration of the Portuguese Generating System are presented and discussed. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Abstract
A major goal for managers of electric power networks is maximum asset performance. Minimal life cycle cost and maintenance optimization becomes crucial in reaching this goal, while meeting demands from customers and regulators. This necessitates the determination of the optimal balance between preventive and corrective maintenance in order to obtain the lowest total cost. The approach of this paper is to study the problem of balance between preventive and corrective maintenance as a multiobjective optimization problem, with customer interruptions on one hand and the maintenance budget of the network operator on the other. The problem is solved with meta-heuristics developed for the specific problem, in conjunction with an evolutionary particle swarm optimization algorithm. The maintenance optimization is applied in a case study to an urban distribution system in Stockholm, Sweden. Despite a general decreased level of maintenance (lower total maintenance cost), better network performance can be offered to the customers. This is achieved by focusing the preventive maintenance on components with a high potential for improvements. Besides this, this paper displays the value of introducing more maintenance alternatives for every component and choosing the right level of maintenance for the components with respect to network performance.

Abstract
A fuzzy AC load flow model is presented in which fuzzy data are used to obtain possibility distributions of voltages, active and reactive flows and losses, currents, and generated powers. These distributions are compared with the ones obtained through a Monte Carlo based simulation in order to evaluate the errors inherent to the fuzzy AC load flow.

Abstract
This paper presents a generation adequacy evaluation based on analytical calculation, considering electric vehicles. The scenarios used are exploring electric vehicles penetrations in six different European countries, in order to assess their impact on the security of supply. An analytical method is developed to perform this evaluation. Afterwards, a discussion about the accuracy of this methodology is done and the differences between this approach and a flexible Sequential Monte Carlo Simulation are identified © 2011 IEEE.

Abstract
Maintenance decisions in electricity markets are one of the most important strategic conflicts among power players. A generation company, for instance, is responsible for its assets but it is the Transmission System Operator's task to schedule the most suitable period for maintenance, preserving system reliability. This relationship is sometimes conflicting and can be seen as an obstacle to the maximization of profits of generation companies, as well as to the transmission system operator, since it is mandatory to keep the adequate risk-based level on overall system. In this paper, the attention is focused on this relationship. Moreover, it highlights the proposal of building a dedicated environment in order to improve and clarify the discussions about maintenance outage schedule for large equipments, using the agent-based technology. In order to illustrate the proposal, results with the IEEE-RTS are presented. © 2009 IEEE.