Abstract
As the internet becomes the most significant source for seeking information and acquiring services, the problems raised by the lack of usability and accessibility on websites lead to problems of e-exclusion, which phenomena may potentially have a great impact on one's life. Although some groups of individuals with special needs, namely the visual disabled people, have received the help of researchers to overcome the problem of accessing the information, there are other groups, particularly intellectually disabled people, that received little attention, indicating that their ability to access information is still limited. In this paper we present a study that investigates how people with the mentioned intellectual disabilities interact with web pages, which difficulties do they have while accessing the information and we propose guidelines for the studied group. While conducting this study we have also analyzed how the guidelines (1.0 and 2.0) suggested by W3C are applied to this particular group.

Abstract

Abstract
The main purpose for conducting this research is to analyze the core advantages and disadvantages of automatic assessment tools. With this in mind, we considered two different web sites of two distinct Portuguese Universities and compare the accessibility and usability issues found, aiming at identifying core problems through errors / warnings. This outcome will help us understand the weaknesses of such automatic tools and, thus, suggest features that could be added to improve their analysis. These findings will serve as a basis for a proposal of a new type of platform capable of making any web or mobile application accessible to all types of users, regardless of their impairments (e.g., blindness, deafness, motor or intellectual disabilities). © 2022 IEEE.

Abstract
This work focuses on the issues encountered when using current evaluation tools to assess the accessibility and usability of web and mobile applications. Therefore, we present a case study, where we tested three accessibility assessment tools against the official website of Portuguese Institute for Employment and Vocational (IEFP), used by millions of users nationwide. Indeed, we found that individual tools still provide limited coverage of success criteria and, thus, user verification is consistently needed. In this regard, we also aim at proposing a new tool called IncWeb, that can automatically alter any web or mobile application into a usable and fully accessible one, in a way that is transparent to the user and adapted to his type of disability. As such, this work emphasizes the importance of having appropriate tools to facilitate the lives of people with disabilities and/or special needs, presenting not only the problems of other assessment tools, but also proposing a new paradigm-changing solution to overcome those known challenges. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

Abstract
The human population with disability is rapidly expanding, more than 15% of people worldwide suffer from a disability and, despite the availability of accessibility guidelines, the websites are still inaccessible. Moreover, professionals with knowledge of accessibility and design abilities are hard to come by. Therefore, the current paper addresses the introduction of accessibility to the Software Engineering students through AccessCademy, a gamification-based tool, in a fun way. The activity is delivered via a Web-based learning environment, that presents bad accessibility scenarios or failures based on the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), and then encourages the students to solve them. Furthermore, a case study will be presented that evaluated the learning effectiveness of the tool in the context of a university course. The results demonstrated the potential of AccessCademy which offers students a fun and engaging way to learn about accessibility, to understand the importance of accessible design with WCAG and gain accessible design skills as well. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.