Abstract
Apart from radiation, which constitutes the primary source of information in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, the process is accompanied by secondary processes such as shock wave generation and sound emission. In this manuscript, we explore the possibility of relating plasma properties with the sound from the shock waves in multiple materials, from metals to minerals. By analyzing the behavior of shock wave sound from homogeneous reference metallic targets, we investigate the relation between plasma properties and sound signal, demonstrating that distinct materials and plasma characteristics correspond to distinct plasma sound fingerprints. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Abstract
While laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is often used as a standalone technique, recent years saw an increasing interest in their combination with additional techniques towards multimodal sensing solutions capable of enhancing the capabilities of this technological solution. In this work, we try to identify possible synergies that arise from merging the analysis of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with that from a hyperspectral scanning of the sample, comparing it with the performance of standalone solutions. Having investigated the multimodal approach for a case study involving the identification of lithium minerals, our preliminary results demonstrate that while both solutions can provide reasonable results for qualitative mineral identification, they feature advantages and disadvantages that shall be taken into further consideration. Nevertheless, when working in collaboration, the results enclosed suggest that an integrated tandem solution can be an interesting tool for material analysis for research and industrial applications, combining the best of both instruments. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Abstract
The possibility to map the element distribution on a sample surface is one of the interesting applications of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy that has been extensively explored in recent years. In this manuscript, we explore the combination of photogrammetry and LIBS techniques for the creation of a three-dimensional model of the map of the elements on the surface of the sample. Using a dedicated photogrammetry solution and software, we reconstruct the three-dimensional model of the mineral sample whose mesh is later exploited for the interactive interpretation of the results. Then, making use of Paraview software, which integrates production algorithms and computing performance in a unified solution for scientific purposes, we establish a process pipeline that allows the creation of an interactive three-dimensional model with the spatial distribution of the target elements on top of the sample surface. Our results demonstrate that combining these two techniques can give us a valuable resource for better qualitative analysis and insight, providing an innovative three-dimensional modeling solution that may open the door to a new range of possibilities, from quality control technology involving alloys and mechanical parts to interactive teaching environments for geo and biosciences, just to name a few examples. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Abstract
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique that allows for fast elemental mapping of heterogeneous samples. Yet, detailed maps need high-resolution sampling grids, which can turn the task into a time-consuming process and can increase sample damage. In this work, we present the implementation of an imaged-based intelligent mesh algorithm that makes use of superpixel segmentation to optimize elemental mapping processes. Our results show that the approach can increase the elemental mapping resolution and decrease acquisition times, fostering opportunities for applications that benefit from minimal sample damage such as heritage analysis, or timely analysis such as industrial applications. © 2022 The Author(s)

Abstract
Imaging the spatial distribution of chemical elements at a sample surface is a common application of laserinduced breakdown spectroscopy with vast scientific and technological applications. Yet, typical imaging solutions only explore the creation of two-dimensional maps, which can limit the interpretability of the results and further diagnostics in three-dimensional settings. Within this context, this work explores the combination of spectral imaging techniques and photogrammetry to deploy a versatile solution for the creation of threedimensional spectral imaging models. First, by making use of a numerical algorithm that is able to match features in the spectral image with those of the three-dimensional model, we show how to match the mesh from distinct sensor modalities. Then, we describe a possible visualization workflow, making use of dedicated photogrammetry and visualization software to easily deploy interactive models. Overall, the results demonstrate the versatility of our approach and pave for the development of novel spectral imaging diagnostic strategies that are able to deliver better qualitative analysis and insight in the three-dimensional space.

Abstract
Anode-less batteries are a promising innovation in energy storage technology, eliminating the need for traditional anodes and offering potential improvements in efficiency and capacity. Here, we have fabricated and tested two types of anode-less pouch cells, the first using solely a copper negative current collector and the other the same current collector but coated with a nucleation seed ZnO layer. Both types of cells used the same all-solid-state electrolyte, Li2.99Ba0.005ClO composite, in a cellulose matrix and a LiFePO4 cathode. Direct and indirect methods confirmed Li metal anode plating after charging the cells. The direct methods are X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), a technique not divulged in the battery world but friendly to study the surface of the negative current collector, as it detects lithium. The indirect methods used were electrochemical cycling and impedance and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It became evident the presence of plated Li on the surface of the current collector in contact with the electrolyte upon charging, both directly and indirectly. A maximum average lithium plating thickness of 2.9 mu m was charged, and 0.13 mu m was discharged. The discharge initiates from a maximum potential of 3.2 V, solely possible if an anode-like high chemical potential phase, such as Li, would form while plating. Although the ratings and energy densities are minor in this study, it was concluded that a layer of ZnO, even at 25 degrees C, allows for higher discharge power for more hours than plain Cu. It was observed that where Li plates on ZnO, Zn is not detected or barely detected by XPS. The present anode-less cells discharge quickly initially at higher potentials but may hold a discharge potential for many hours, likely due to the ferroelectric character of the electrolyte.