Abstract
The evolution of urban morphology and urban mobility reveals a complex and multidimensional relation that has been historically linked to the evolution of technology and its influence on people's behaviour, desires, and needs. The increasing level of digitalization of human interactions in both social and work environments has created a new paradigm for urban mobility. Alongside, sustainability concerns are also accelerating the design of new policies for improving citizens' quality of life in urban areas. To address this new paradigm, municipalities need to consider new methodologies encompassing the different dimensions of the urban environment. This can be achieved if key stakeholders participate in co-creating and co-designing new solutions for urban mobility. In this paper we propose a multidisciplinary approach to these problems, supported by service-dominant logic concepts. The approach was used to design the CoDUMIS framework that brings together four dimensions of urban areas (social, urban, technological, and organizational). The application of the framework to four distinct cases, in Portuguese municipalities, resulted in a set of guidelines that help municipalities to improve their services and policies in a participatory environment, involving all the stakeholders.

Abstract
Food waste poses a significant challenge to the sustainability of traditional food production systems, prompting global efforts to combat waste throughout the supply chain. Sustainable food production emerges as a critical concept in response to increasing concerns about environmental degradation and the need for alternative protein sources driven by global population growth. In this context, insect production offers a promising solution by converting low-value organic waste into nutrient-rich products, thus reducing waste and environmental impact. This paper addresses the urgent need for sustainable and efficient food production systems by introducing a facility location problem within the network design of insect production. The objective is to develop methods to scale insect-derived product production by identifying optimal locations with the best conditions for establishing insect production facilities. Emphasis is placed on connecting suppliers with production, highlighting the critical role suppliers and their by-products play in promoting a sustainable industry. Instances were generated to assess model performance, including supplier and facility locations, by-product availability and selection. Varying by-product availability yielded different optimization outcomes. The experiments results offered insights into the model’s behavior under different conditions. The results shown that varying the composition of substrate had a major implication on the augment of costs compared to varying the by-product availability.

Abstract
Pickup and delivery problems are frequently encountered problems in transport companies. This paper presents a variant of the homogeneous vehicle, single-to-single Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows, where several vehicles must fulfill transport requests from pickup nodes to delivery nodes, called missions, with associated service level agreements (SLA). A mathematical programming model is proposed to tackle this variant, focused on optimizing the allocation and sequencing of missions to be executed by autonomous vehicles. Numerical experiments are performed comparing instances with missions with long and short SLAs. The results show that the model takes longer to find the optimal solution when the missions have short SLAs and increased difficulty in meeting them if the number of vehicles is limited.

Abstract
Lot-sizing and scheduling in a job shop environment is a fundamental problem that appears in many industrial settings. The problem is very complex, and solutions are often needed fast. Although many solution methods have been proposed, with increasingly better results, their computational times are not suitable for decision-makers who want solutions instantly. Therefore, we propose a novel greedy heuristic to efficiently generate production plans and schedules of good quality. The main innovation of our approach represents the incorporation of a simulation-based technique, which directly generates schedules while simultaneously determining lot sizes. By utilising priority rules, this unique feature enables us to address the complexity of job shop scheduling environments and ensures the feasibility of the resulting schedules. Using a selection of well-known rules from the literature, experiments on a variety of shop configurations and complexities showed that the proposed heuristic is able to obtain solutions with an average gap to Cplex of 4.12%. To further improve the proposed heuristic, a cooperative coevolutionary genetic programming-based hyper-heuristic has been developed. The average gap to Cplex was reduced up to 1.92%. These solutions are generated in a small fraction of a second, regardless of the size of the instance.

Abstract
Setting labor standards is an important topic to operational and strategic planning which requires the time studies establishment. This paper applies the statistical method for the definition of a sample size in order to define a reliable cycle time for a real industrial process. For the case study it is considered a welding process performed by a single operator that does the load and unload of components in 4 different welding machines. In order to perform the time studies, it is necessary to collect continuously data in the production line by measuring the time taken for the operator to perform the task. In order to facilitate the measurements, the task is divided into small elements with visible start and end points, called Measurement Points, in which the measurement process is applied. Afterwards, the statistical method enables to determine the sample size of observations to calculate the reliable cycle time. For the welding process presented, it is stated that the sample size defined through the statistical method is 20. Thus, these time observations of the task are continuously collected in order to obtain a reliable cycle time for this welding process. This time study can be implemented in similar way in other industrial processes.

Abstract
Background Engaging in advance care planning can be emotionally challenging, but gamification and technology are suggested as a potential solution.Objective Present the development stages of a mobile app prototype to improve quality of life for patients in palliative care.Design The study started with a comprehensive literature review to establish a foundation. Subsequently, interviews were conducted to validate the proposed features of the mobile application. Following the development phase, usability tests were conducted to evaluate the overall usability of the mobile application. Furthermore, an oral questionnaire was administered to understand user satisfaction about the implemented features.Results A three-phase testing approach was employed based on the chosen user-centred design methodology to obtain the results. Three iterations were conducted, with improvements being made based on feedback and tested in subsequent phases. Despite the added complexity arising from the health status of patients in palliative care, the usability tests and implemented features received positive feedback from both patients and healthcare providers.Conclusion The research findings have demonstrated the potential of digitisation in enhancing the quality of life for patients in palliative care. This was achieved through the implementation of patient-centred design, personalised care, the inclusion of social chatrooms and facilitating end-of-life discussions.