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Publicações

Publicações por CRIIS

2022

Augmented Reality for Human-Robot Collaboration and Cooperation in Industrial Applications: A Systematic Literature Review

Autores
Costa, GD; Petry, MR; Moreira, AP;

Publicação
SENSORS

Abstract
With the continuously growing usage of collaborative robots in industry, the need for achieving a seamless human-robot interaction has also increased, considering that it is a key factor towards reaching a more flexible, effective, and efficient production line. As a prominent and prospective tool to support the human operator to understand and interact with robots, Augmented Reality (AR) has been employed in numerous human-robot collaborative and cooperative industrial applications. Therefore, this systematic literature review critically appraises 32 papers' published between 2016 and 2021 to identify the main employed AR technologies, outline the current state of the art of augmented reality for human-robot collaboration and cooperation, and point out future developments for this research field. Results suggest that this is still an expanding research field, especially with the advent of recent advancements regarding head-mounted displays (HMDs). Moreover, projector-based and HMDs developed approaches are showing promising positive influences over operator-related aspects such as performance, task awareness, and safety feeling, even though HMDs need further maturation in ergonomic aspects. Further research should focus on large-scale assessment of the proposed solutions in industrial environments, involving the solution's target audience, and on establishing standards and guidelines for developing AR assistance systems.

2022

Active Perception Fruit Harvesting Robots - A Systematic Review

Autores
Magalhaes, SA; Moreira, AP; dos Santos, FN; Dias, J;

Publicação
JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & ROBOTIC SYSTEMS

Abstract
This paper studies the state-of-the-art of active perception solutions for manipulation in agriculture and suggests a possible architecture for an active perception system for harvesting in agriculture. Research and developing robots for agricultural context is a challenge, particularly for harvesting and pruning context applications. These applications normally consider mobile manipulators and their cognitive part has many challenges. Active perception systems look reasonable approach for fruit assessment robustly and economically. This systematic literature review focus in the topic of active perception for fruits harvesting robots. The search was performed in five different databases. The search resumed into 1034 publications from which only 195 publications where considered for inclusion in this review after analysis. We conclude that the most of researches are mainly about fruit detection and segmentation in two-dimensional space using evenly classic computer vision strategies and deep learning models. For harvesting, multiple viewpoint and visual servoing are the most commonly used strategies. The research of these last topics does not look robust yet, and require further analysis and improvements for better results on fruit harvesting.

2022

A survey on localization, mapping, and trajectory planning for quadruped robots in vineyards

Autores
Ferreira, J; Moreira, AP; Silva, M; Santos, F;

Publicação
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTONOMOUS ROBOT SYSTEMS AND COMPETITIONS (ICARSC)

Abstract
In recent years, there has been great interest from researchers in legged robots. These robots have unique characteristics and are suitable for complex working environments with uneven terrains and unexpected obstacles. They can work on almost any type of terrain, overcome obstacles like stairs much more efficiently than wheeled or tracked robots, and cause a lower impact on the ground when compared with other locomotion systems. To expand the application of robotics to new complex areas, it is essential to accurately locate the robot and plan safe trajectories regardless of the environment, terrain, or weather conditions. Using a legged locomotion system raises some concerns regarding the 3D localization, mapping, and trajectory planning algorithms. This paper reviews those problems and describes the current approaches to localize a robot, map an environment and plan safe trajectories for quadruped robots.

2022

A Survey of high-level teleoperation, monitoring and task assignment to Autonomous Mobile Robots

Autores
Correia, D; Silva, MF; Moreira, AP;

Publicação
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTONOMOUS ROBOT SYSTEMS AND COMPETITIONS (ICARSC)

Abstract
Teleoperation of autonomous mobile robots (AMR) is relevant in logistics operations to automate repetitive tasks that often result in injuries to the operator. This paper presents an overview of the systems involved in the current teleoperation scheme where these AMRs are present as well as some works and advances that have been done in the high-level teleoperation field.

2022

Trust Model Experimental Validation to Improve the Digital Twin Recommendation System

Autores
Pires, F; Ahmad, B; Moreira, AP; Leitão, P;

Publicação
5th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems, ICPS 2022, Coventry, United Kingdom, May 24-26, 2022

Abstract
In the manufacturing domain, the digital twin has become an emerging concept for decision-making through the integration of what-if simulation capabilities. In such systems, the processing of the entire space of alternative solutions is very time-consuming; recommendation systems are used to solve this; however, these suffer from several problems, namely data sparsity and cold-start. The application of trust-based models can mitigate these problems, particularly the cold-start problems, by providing valuable background for the recommendation system. This paper presents the implementation and experimental validation of a trust-based model for improving the digital twin based what-if simulation recommendation system, addressing the cold-start problems. The proposed trust model was applied in an assembly line case study to recommend the best configurations for the optimal number of AGVs (Autonomous Guided Vehicles). The results show that applying the trust-based model with similarity metrics improved the mitigation of the cold-start problem. © 2022 IEEE.

2022

Industrial robot programming by demonstration using stereoscopic vision and inertial sensing

Autores
de Souza, JPC; Amorim, AM; Rocha, LF; Pinto, VH; Moreira, AP;

Publicação
INDUSTRIAL ROBOT-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH AND APPLICATION

Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a programming by demonstration (PbD) system based on 3D stereoscopic vision and inertial sensing that provides a cost-effective pose tracking system, even during error-prone situations, such as camera occlusions. Design/methodology/approach The proposed PbD system is based on the 6D Mimic innovative solution, whose six degrees of freedom marker hardware had to be revised and restructured to accommodate an IMU sensor. Additionally, a new software pipeline was designed to include this new sensing device, seeking the improvement of the overall system's robustness in stereoscopic vision occlusion situations. Findings The IMU component and the new software pipeline allow the 6D Mimic system to successfully maintain the pose tracking when the main tracking tool, i.e. the stereoscopic vision, fails. Therefore, the system improves in terms of reliability, robustness, and accuracy which were verified by real experiments. Practical implications Based on this proposal, the 6D Mimic system reaches a reliable and low-cost PbD methodology. Therefore, the robot can accurately replicate, on an industrial scale, the artisan level performance of highly skilled shop-floor operators. Originality/value To the best of the authors' knowledge, the sensor fusion between stereoscopic images and IMU applied to robot PbD is a novel approach. The system is entirely designed aiming to reduce costs and taking advantage of an offline processing step for data analysis, filtering and fusion, enhancing the reliability of the PbD system.

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